World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

LC–MS–SUPPORTED METABOLOMIC AND EFFICACY ASSESSMENT OF LENVATINIB IN RENAL CARCINOMA CELL LINE MODELS

Nada Ahmed al Amoodi*, Dr. Syed Ahmed Hussain, Ghousia Begum, Fariya Sultana, Bilquis Begum, Somabatthini Shruthi, Ayesha Ayub Khan, Muskan Khatoon

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the in vitro antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of Lenvatinib compared to Sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell models (786-O, Caki-1, A498). A five-assay panel was utilized to assess both cell viability and apoptotic induction. Viability assays (Resazurin/Alamar Blue and ATP Luminescence) showed Lenvatinib markedly reduced viable and metabolically active cells to 36% and 33%, respectively, indicating potent growth inhibition. Cytotoxicity assays revealed pronounced apoptosis, with Lenvatinib inducing 64% apoptotic cells, a 4.0-fold caspase-3/7 activation, and 69% LDH release, exceeding Sunitinib’s apoptotic and necrotic effects (57%, 3.5-fold, 58%). These results indicate Lenvatinib exerts stronger cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activity than Sunitinib, likely due to its dual inhibition of VEGFR, FGFR, and RET pathways that disrupt both angiogenic and survival signaling in tumor cells. Overall, Lenvatinib demonstrates potent anti-RCC efficacy with a multi-pathway apoptotic mechanism, supporting its therapeutic advantage in advanced renal malignancies.

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