World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS OF THE ENZYME ALANINE AMINO-TRANFERASE

Nasir Ali, Dr. Sikandar Ali*, Waseem Abid and Ali Javed

ABSTRACT

Alanine aminotransferase is major enzyme present in living organisms. This enzyme is responsible for transfer amino group from alanine to α-ketoglutarate. Activity of that enzyme depends on pyridoxal phosphate enzyme. In both males and females specific concentration of this enzyme is present. Alteration of this enzyme concentration in body cells suggests some kind of liver injuries, so this enzyme acts as diagnostic biomarker for liver injuries. In laboratory testing, the method which is easy to use for the determination of the level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is blood. ALT activity in the body determines the performance of the liver function and its diseases and gives an indication for the health of the person. However ALT activity in the body is changed by different factors such as age, hepatitis due to virus, alcohol intake, and medicines which are used. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) is present in blood serum and also in different body tissues. Liver disease, diabetes and some other diseases are due to the increased concentration of ALT in the body. For type 2 diabetes, β-sitosterol and hyperoside are taken as a ligand in molecular docking. Crystallography technique gives the molecular structure of Alanine transeminase enzyme and it is also present in the PDB data in the form of 31HJ which is also used in Schrodinger equipment for docking analysis. Alanine transminase and their ligand β-sitosterol and hyperoside describes that they were the better molecules with docks and their targets to associated with diabetics. After the blunt abdominal trauma the highly damaged organ is the liver. Persons with small indication of blunt abdominal trauma are difficult to find the liver damage in such persons.

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