World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF NANOSPONGES CONTAINING ANTI-PIGMENTATION AGENT

Hemant*, Brajesh Kumar Arjariya, Praveen Bhawsar

ABSTRACT

The present study investigates the formulating and evaluating of nanosponges containing an anti-pigmenting agent is to improve the solubility, stability, and delivery of the agent to the targeted skin cells, ultimately enhancing its efficacy in reducing skin pigmentation. The objectives include formulating stable nanosponges with high drug entrapment, characterizing their physicochemical properties, evaluating their release profile in vitro, and assessing their potential for topical delivery. The hydroquinone-loaded nanosponges exhibited a consistent physical appearance across all batches. They appeared white in color, possessed a typical odor, and maintained a solid form. The FTIR spectrum of hydroquinone was analyzed to identify its characteristic functional groups. In the present study, the zeta potential values of nanosponge formulations ranged from –0.11 mV to –15.0 mV, indicating relatively low surface charges across all formulations. Among all the evaluated formulations, Formulation F2 exhibited the most favourable particle size characteristics, with a mean particle size of 225.5 nm and a PI value of 40.2%. The observed melting point of hydroquinone was recorded at 171°C, which falls well within the established reference range of 170°C to 173°C. The pH of the hydroquinone sample was measured as 4.14, indicating a slightly acidic nature in solution. SEM is used to investigate the morphological features and surface topology of nanosponges at high resolution. The entrapment efficiency (EE %) of hydroquinone-loaded nanosponges was evaluated for five formulations (F1–F5). Among these, Formulation F2 demonstrated the highest entrapment efficiency at 92.58%, indicating superior drug encapsulation within the nanosponge matrix. These findings indicate that nanosponge-based systems can significantly enhance hydroquinone delivery, potentially improving therapeutic outcomes, reducing application frequency, and minimizing side effects in topical treatments such as for hyperpigmentation or melasma.

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