World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES CONTAINING COMBINE DRUGS FOR ENHANCING OF COMBINATION THERAPY

Nandkishor Pawar*, Naveen Gupta, Hritika Kannouje

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to develop and characterize polymeric nanoparticles containing Andrographolide and Aloin to enhance the efficiency of combination therapy. Initially, a pre- formulation study was carried out to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of both drugs. The UV absorption maxima (λmax) were found to be 225.0 nm for Andrographolide and 296.0 nm for Aloin, and calibration curves were constructed for quantitative analysis. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups of both drugs, validating their chemical integrity and compatibility for nanoparticle formulation. Polymeric nanoparticles were prepared using the nanoprecipitation technique with biodegradable polymers to encapsulate both active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The formulated nanoparticles exhibited a smooth and uniform physical appearance. Particle size analysis revealed sizes of 171.5 nm and 143.0 nm, suitable for efficient cellular uptake. The zeta potential of –12.9 mV indicated good nanoparticle stability with minimal aggregation. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed spherical morphology with smooth surfaces, favorable for controlled drug release applications. The entrapment efficiency was high (95.21%), indicating effective encapsulation of both drugs. In vitro drug release studies demonstrated a controlled and sustained release over 16 hours for both Andrographolide and Aloin. Among all formulations (NPs1–NPs5), formulation F1 exhibited the best release profile and was selected for kinetic modelling. The release data for F1 followed Higuchi kinetics with a high regression coefficient (R² = 0.9961), confirming diffusion-controlled release. In conclusion, the developed polymeric nanoparticles showed optimal particle size, high stability, superior encapsulation efficiency, and sustained release behavior, making them a promising carrier system for combination therapy. The co-delivery of Andrographolide and Aloin through polymeric nanoparticles may offer improved bioavailability and enhanced therapeutic efficacy, supporting their potential use in advanced combination drug delivery systems.

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