World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

LC–MS–INTEGRATED QUANTITATIVE AND THERAPEUTIC EVALUATION OF AXITINIB IN RENAL CARCINOMA CELL LINE MODELS

Dr. Syed Ahmed Hussain*, Nada Ahmed Al Amoodi, Ghousia Begum, Fariya Sultana, Bilquis Begum, Somabatthini Shruthi, Ayesha Ayub Khan, Muskan Khatoon

ABSTRACT

This study evaluates the in vitro cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of Axitinib compared with Sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) models (786-O, Caki-1, A498). A five-assay panel was employed to assess both cell viability and apoptotic mechanisms. Viability assays (Resazurin/Alamar Blue and ATP Luminescence) demonstrated that Axitinib maintained 100% viability and metabolic activity, while Sunitinib significantly reduced both parameters to ~45%, indicating strong antiproliferative potency. Cytotoxicity assays revealed minimal apoptosis and membrane damage with Axitinib (6% apoptotic cells, 1.0-fold caspase activity, 7% LDH release), contrasting with pronounced apoptosis induced by Sunitinib (57% apoptotic cells, 3.5-fold caspase activation, 58% LDH release). These results indicate that Axitinib exerts negligible cytotoxic or apoptotic effects in RCC cell lines under the tested conditions, suggesting that its in-vitro activity primarily reflects cytostatic, not cytotoxic, mechanisms. Conversely, Sunitinib displayed robust pro-apoptotic activity, validating assay sensitivity. Overall, Axitinib shows limited direct tumoricidal action in vitro, consistent with its role as a targeted angiogenesis inhibitor rather than a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent.

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