World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

LC–MS ANALYTICAL APPROACH FOR ELACYTARABINE AND ITS THERAPEUTIC IMPACT IN ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA (AML) CELL LINE MODELS

Fariya Sultana*, Dr. Syed Ahmed Hussain, Ghousia Begum, Nada Ahmed Al Amoodi, Bilquis Begum, Somabatthini Shruthi, Ayesha Ayub Khan, Muskan Khatoon

ABSTRACT

This study evaluates the in vitro therapeutic potential of Elacytarabine, a lipophilic derivative of Cytarabine, using a five-assay panel in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line models. Two assays (Resazurin/Alamar Blue and ATP Luminescence) assessed cell viability, while three (Annexin V/PI, Caspase-3/7 activity, and LDH release) quantified cytotoxicity. Elacytarabine maintained 78–80% viability, contrasting with Cytarabine’s 38–42%, suggesting reduced cytotoxic stress. Apoptosis induction remained moderate, with 22% apoptotic cells and a 1.6-fold Caspase-3/7 activation, compared to Cytarabine’s 58% and 3.8-fold, respectively. LDH release was also lower (20% vs 61%), confirming minimal membrane damage. Collectively, Elacytarabine exhibited a favorable cytotoxicity profile, maintaining viable cell metabolism while inducing mild apoptosis. These results indicate that Elacytarabine offers an improved therapeutic window and could serve as a potential low-toxicity alternative or adjuvant in AML chemotherapy regimens.

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