World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

MOLECULAR VERSATILITY AND BIOMEDICAL EXPLOITATION OF ALBUMIN: STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS, FUNCTIONAL ADAPTABILITY, AND TRANSLATIONAL APPLICATIONS

Mayuri Kalokhe*, Avadhut Khot, Aditya Jagtap, Vaishnavi Kolekar, Tejaswini Bhosale, Vedika Shinde

ABSTRACT

The most prevalent and adaptable plasma protein, albumin, is essential for preserving oncotic pressure, moving a variety of ligands, and preserving physiological homeostasis. An extensive review about albumin-related proteins, including their kinds, preparation techniques, and potential applications, is given in this article. Mobility, soluble status, and ligand-binding ability are important traits shared by all forms of albumin, even if manufactured albumin; this is bovine albumin, ovalbumin bovine plasma antibody (BSA), as well as human serum albumin (HSA) each have unique physicochemical properties. Ovalbumin is important within nutritional science and immunology, BSA is widely used in laboratory diagnostics, HSA is still essential in clinical applications, and recombinant albumin provides a scalable, pathogen-free option for therapeutic usage. Dissolving, emulsifying (evaporation and diffusion processes), thermal gelation, and enhanced nanoparticle creation are some of the technologies used to prepare albumin-based formulations. These techniques improve albumin's functional potential for application in therapeutic platforms, drug delivery systems, and diagnostics. Albumins are excellent prospects for cutting-edge biomedical applications because of their inherent stability, biocompatibility, and modifiability. The latest advances in genetic modification, protein editing, and nanotechnology should open up new uses for albumin in medicine and industry. These developments will make it possible to create new therapeutic agents, targeted delivery methods, and more effective drug carriers. All things considered, albumins are an essential section of multimodal proteins whose versatility guarantees their ongoing significance in biotechnology, medicine, and scientific study.

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