World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

DETERMINATION OF SOME INORGANIC CONSTITUENTS AND TREATMENT OF ELOBEID PETROLEUM REFINERY FEED WATER

Mohammed Bahreldin Hussein*, Abdelhameid Abdelkareim Jobara, Abdelwahab Abuelgasim Mohammed Adam

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is determination of some inorganic constituents of Elobeid petroleum refinery feed water
before and after treatment. Four samples of feed water were collected for this study, three samples from refinery
wells; (A, B, and C) and one sample from Bara Basin (D). Parameters analyzed include; temperature, pH, electrical
conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), total alkalinity (TA) total iron (TI), total
suspend solid (TSS), total solid (TS), major cations (Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++) and anions (F-, Cl-, SO4
-2, NO3
-, NO2
-
and PO4
3-). The heavy metals content of Bara Basin water were analyzed by using atomic absorption spectrometer.
The results showed that the temperature values ranged from 25-28.3ºC and after treatment from 22.2-28.2ºC within
acceptable limits. pH values from 6.7 to 7.4 and after treatment from 6.5 to 6.9 all samples in agreement with
permissible level reported by World Health Organization WHO and Sudanese Standards and Metrology
Organization SSMO. Electrical conductivity (EC) for all samples between 0.836 to 1075μs/cm and after treatment
between 105.4 to 432.2μs/cm except samples A and C were out of permissible limits before treatment. The total
dissolved solids (TDS) values for all samples ranging between 319.3 to 548.75mg/l and after treatment between
53.80 to 93.15 mg/l. All water sources within specifications of WHO an SSMO. The concentrations of sodium
(Na+) arranged between 11.5 to 17mg/l and after treatment between 0.0 to 0.1mg/l. All samples are below the
permissible drinking water levels of WHO and SSOM (20 to 200 mg/l). The concentrations of Potassium (K+) was
0.48 mg/l and after treatment was 0.23mg/l in Bara Basin sample. Calcium (Ca
++
) ranging from 64.1 to 147.7mg/l
and after treatment from 5.5 to 6.8 mg/l. All samples showed low concentration levels of calcium below the
permissible drinking water levels of WHO 200mg/l. Magnesium (Mg++) concentrations levels, ranged between
30.8 to 69.11 mg/l and after treatment 4.3-2.2 mg/l. Fluoride concentrations range of 0.76 to 0.88 mg/l and after
treatment 0.25mg/l to 0.48mg/l almost all samples within the permissible limits. Chloride ranges from 36.3 to 166
mg/l and after treatment from 16.3 to 66.7 mg/l almost all samples are within permissible limits. The Sulphate
concentration was observed between 42 to 102 mg/l and after treatment between 17 to 46 mg/l all samples within
acceptable limits. Nitrate concentrations between 0.75 to 24.4 mg/l and after treatment between 0.22 to 3.7 mg/l.
That means all samples within acceptable limits of WHO and SSMO. The Nitrite concentrations between 0.00 to
1.36 mg/l and after treatment between 0.00 mg/l to 0.32mg/l within acceptable limit WHO and SSMO. Phosphate
concentrations between 0.20 to 3.92 mg/l and after treatment between 0.00 to 0.87 mg/l most samples within
acceptable limits of WHO. In Bara basin water the concentrations of heavy metals; Barium (Ba), Manganese (Mn),
Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Chromium (Cr) were (0.13, 0.01, 0.03, 0.01 and 0.006) within acceptable limits of
WHO (0.13, 0.08, 2.0, 4.0 and 0.05) respectively. With exception of Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb)
were (0.24, 0.02 and 0.27) higher than the permissible limit of WHO (0.07, 0.003 and 0.01) respectively.

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