World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

EVALUATING PRESCRIBING PATTERNS OF ANTI ANGINAL MEDICATIONS: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

Dr. Fatima Khatoon*, Dr. Syed Mohammed Kazim, Dr. M. A. Aleem, Mohammed Abdul Mujeeb, Arshiya Muskan, Syed Mahboob Adeem, Sofia Ibtesam

ABSTRACT

Background: Angina pectoris is a primary clinical manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD) that necessitates pharmacological management. Antianginal medications play a crucial role in symptom control, disease progression prevention, and reducing major cardiovascular events. However, prescribing patterns vary due to physician preferences, patient characteristics, and adherence to clinical guidelines. Understanding these variations is essential for optimizing treatment strategies. Objective: This study aims to evaluate antianginal medication use in CAD patients and assess demographic and social factors influencing disease progression. It also examines treatment outcomes, medication adherence, and potential gaps in prescribing practices to enhance evidence-based clinical decision-making. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted over six months in the Department of Cardiology, focusing on patients diagnosed with CAD receiving antianginal therapy. Results: A total of 100 patients with angina were included. The majority (38%) were aged 61–70 years, with 77% male and 23% female. Males had a higher risk due to social habits such as smoking and alcohol use. Blood pressure analysis showed 44% in the prehypertension category, while 39% had hypertension (Stage 1 & 2). Tachycardia was observed in 7% of patients. Hypertension (72%) was the most common comorbidity, followed by diabetes mellitus type 2 (38%). Chest pain (33%) and chest pain with exertional shortness of breath (32%) were the most frequent symptoms. Stable angina was diagnosed in 63% of cases, while 37% had unstable angina. Drug therapy analysis revealed that 37% were on mono therapy, predominantly nicorandil (91%), whereas 63% received combination therapy, with potassium channel opener + beta- blockers + nitrates (27%) being the most prescribed regimen. Prognosis assessment using MACE criteria indicated a significant disease burden, with 70% of patients classified under critical MACE, emphasizing the need for optimized treatment strategies. Conclusion: This study highlights a preference for combination therapy (63%) over monotherapy (37%) in angina management, with nicorandil being the most prescribed drug. The high prevalence of hypertension (72%), diabetes (38%), and critical MACE cases (70%) underscores the substantial cardiovascular risk burden. While stable angina (63%) was more common, persistent disease progression emphasizes the need for improved treatment strategies. Despite adherence to standard therapy, adverse outcomes remain a concern, necessitating refined prescribing approaches. Further longitudinal studies are needed to minimize adverse effects and explore the role of monotherapy for safer and more effective antianginal treatment.

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