World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF OCULAR ALLERGY: TYPES, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, CLINICAL FEATURES, AND MANAGEMENT

Archana A.*, Dr. K. Rithika, S. Prakash, Devi Priya K. and Vishalatchi K.

ABSTRACT

ocular allergy is a common hypersensitivity disorder that affects the conjunctiva and other ocular structures, often resulting in significant discomfort and visual disturbance. It encompasses a spectrum of allergic conditions, including seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC), vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC), and contact allergic conjunctivitis. These conditions are primarily mediated by IgE-dependent mechanisms and involve complex immune responses, including the activation of mast cells, eosinophils, and T lymphocytes. Clinical manifestations range from mild itching and redness to severe inflammation, corneal involvement, and potential vision impairment. An ocular allergy is crucial for healthcare provides to effectively diagnose and manage this condition. This review serves as a roadmap for clinicals and researches alike, offering invaluable insights into the multifaceted landscape of eye allergy. All affects more than 15% of the world population, and some studies have shown that up 30% of the US population has some form of allergy. Allergen-specific immunotherapy may be considered in cases of failure of first-line treatments or to modify the natural course of OA disease

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