World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

MEDICINAL PLANTS AS SOURCES OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS: A REVIEW OF HYPERICUM PERFORATUM (ST. JOHN’S WORT) PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND ITS ROLE IN MENTAL HEALTH THERAPY

Sadique Saqulain, Monika Chauhan, Konda V. V. S. Krishna, Jaspreet Kaur, Ankur Patel, Divya Sarika, Saroj Kumar Raul, Yash Srivastav and Ghanshyam M. Chavan*

ABSTRACT

Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort), a widely used medicinal plant, has garnered significant attention for its therapeutic potential in treating mental health disorders, particularly depression and anxiety. Rich in bioactive compounds, including naphthodianthrones (hypericin, pseudohypericin), phloroglucinols (hyperforin, adhyperforin), flavonoids (quercetin, rutin), and essential oils, H. perforatum exerts a broad spectrum of pharmacological actions. These include antidepressant effects via inhibition of neurotransmitter reuptake, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, and neuroprotective properties. Clinical studies suggest that H. perforatum is effective in managing mild-to-moderate depression and shows comparable efficacy to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), though variability in extract composition and dosage present challenges in clinical application. Despite its promise, concerns regarding potential drug interactions, adverse reactions, and a lack of standardized formulations necessitate careful consideration in its use. Emerging research into novel mechanisms, including epigenetic modulation, and innovations in delivery systems may enhance the efficacy and safety of H. perforatum in clinical settings. The future of H. perforatum as a therapeutic agent in mental health therapy depends on continued scientific inquiry, standardization of products, and cautious clinical application to maximize its benefits while minimizing risks.

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