World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

A REVIEW OF ANXIETY DISORDER

Kongi Kavyasudha M. Pham**, Atla Reddy Tharun Kumar Reddy, Dr. Chiramana Hemalatha Pharm D, Dr. Yadala Prapurna Chandra M. Pham Ph. D

ABSTRACT

Anxiety disorders affect nearly 30% of adults at some point in their lives, making them a significant glob al problem for mental health. This review explores the classification, prevalence, etiological factors,
pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategies for various anxiety disorders.
Emphasis is placed on understanding General ized Anxiety Disorder, Panic Disorder, Social Anxiety Disorder,
Specific Phobias, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, among others. The
autonomic nervous system's hyperactivity, environmental stressors, neurochemical imbalan ces, HPA axis
dysregulation, and the development of these disorders are all highlighted in the review. Psychological scales like
GAD 7 and HAM A and the DSM 5 guidelines are examples of diagnostic approaches. Therapeutic options range
from pharmacological interventions like SSRIs and benzodiazepines to psychotherapies such as CBT, ACT, and
metacognitive therapy. The document emphasizes the significance of individualized and multidisciplinary
treatment approaches, provides insights into enhancing patient ou tcomes, and addresses the increasing burden of
anxiety disorders on society.

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