World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

DIAGNOSTIC RELEVANCE AND LABORATORY EVALUATION OF CALCULATED GLOBULIN IN THE DETECTION OF ANTIBODY DEFICIENCY

H. Alaoui Mdarhri*, L. Achour., L. Jeddane and J. El Bakkouri.

ABSTRACT

Antibody Deficiency (AD) is a heterogeneous group of immune disorders characterized by decreased serum immunoglobulin levels responsible for recurrent bacterial infections. AD, which can be primary or secondary, represents the most common immune abnormality in adulthood, with high morbidity and mortality due to diagnostic delays estimated at five to six years, partly due to the high cost of specific diagnostic tests, hence the interest in developing rapid and inexpensive screening tests, including Calculated Globulin (CG). Our work reports the results of the use of CG defined by the difference between serum levels of total protein and albumin, reflecting in accordance with serum levels of Immunoglobulins (Ig), and thus presenting a predictive value in the early diagnosis of AD. This is a retrospective study conducted at the laboratory of Sheikh Khalifa International University Hospital from January 2022 to September 2022 including 2456 patients. Analysis of the samples found a GC rate varying between 10 and 100 g/l, in patients with an average age of 55 years and a slight female predominance (52%). Based on the results of a pilot study, as well as the clinical information provided, a CG threshold of 18 g/l allowed the detection of subjects with IgG levels below 7 g/L with high sensitivity and specificity. Thus, this inexpensive and widely available method makes it possible to detect AD patients, and consequently to reduce the diagnostic delay and the time required for management and treatment with replacement immunoglobulin.

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