Abstract
BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF EUGENIA UNIFLORA LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST CYPERMETHRIN-INDUCED TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS
Madubuike A. J.*, Ohaeri O. C.2, Igwe K. K. and Nwuke C. P.
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the biochemical impact of Eugenia uniflora leaf extract on liver and kidney function tests, antioxidant activity, and lipid profiles in Wistar rats exposed to cypermethrin, a widely used synthetic pesticide known for its neurotoxic effects. The study utilized Lorke’s method to estimate the LD50 of the extract and cypermethrin, establishing the safety thresholds for subsequent experimentation. A total of 30 rats were divided into six groups to assess the ameliorative effects of varying doses of the leaf extract (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg) against a single dose of cypermethrin (70 mg/kg). Biochemical analyses of serum were conducted to evaluate liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), renal markers (creatinine and urea) and antioxidant status (MDA, CAT, SOD, and GSH). Results indicated that cypermethrin exposure significantly elevated liver enzymes and renal markers, indicating potential organ damage. Conversely, administration of E. uniflora extract, particularly at 200 mg/kg, demonstrated liver and kidney protective effects, evidenced by normalized enzyme levels and enhanced antioxidant activities. These findings highlight Eugenia uniflora as a promising candidate for mitigating oxidative stress and organ toxicity, reinforcing the need for further research on its therapeutic potential and optimal dosing strategies. This study contributes valuable insights into the integration of traditional herbal remedies in contemporary health management strategies, particularly regarding liver and kidney health.
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