World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

THE POTENTIAL REPELLENCY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF BASIL (OCIMUMBASILICUML.) LEAVES AND NEEM (AZADIRACHTAINDICAA.JUSS.) SEEDS ON ANOPHELES ARABIENSIS(DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) FEMALES IN GEZIRA STATE - SUDAN - 2019

Safia Abdalla Mhmoud Mohmed*, Nabil Hamid Hassan Bashir and Gurashi Gabr Alla Hamad

ABSTRACT

Background: Malaria remains a disease of global importance. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 3.2 billion people are at risk of malaria, of which 1.2 billion are at high risk. Vector control interventions include the use of bed nets, indoor residual spraying (IRS), larviciding, larvivorous fish, space spraying and mosquito repellents among others. Insecticide treated bed nets (ITNs) and IRS are the most widely used vector control (VC) methods in Africa. (Alessandro et al., 1995, and Nevill et al., 1996). Objectives: 1.4.1 To study the potential of basil (O. basilicum) leaf and Neem (A. indica) seeds aqueous Extracts (aq-E) as repellents for Anopheles adults. Methodology: This study was conducted as a cross sectional using An. Arabiensis mosquitoes adults taken from the Insectary of the Blue Nile National Institute for Communicable Disease (BNNICD), University of Gezira Wad Medani, the capital of the Gezira State. The materials used: plastic bag to conserve neem seed and basil leafs, carpet to drying the leaves and seed in the shadow, blender-mixer to prepare powder and dark glass jars to conserve powder until to using. Were collected: Basil leaves and neem seeds from Eltalha village, South Gezira Locality, around 20 km west of Wad Medani. Results: The results showed that in the NSE (old and new)there areno big difference between those resting on the surface of the cage (treated net) and others sites. BLE results showed that the number of mosquitoes resting on the treated net were even higher than those resting on the other sites. It wasconcluded that more detailed investigations are required forboth extracts to verify the presence or absence of the repellency property. Conclusion: The study recommends to More studies are needed, Development of better extraction methods, Isolation of the active ingredients, determining their identities and concentrations in each extracted fraction. and Revising the bioassay method.

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