World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

MICROANATOMICAL EFFECT OF AQUEOUS LEAVES EXTRACT OF PSIDUIM GUAJAVA (GUAVA) ON THE PANCREAS OF STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETES MELLITUS IN WISTAR RAT

Uthman Ademola Yusuf*, Christine Banda, Abigail Banda, Michelo Miyoba, Aminat Adejoke Yusuf and Isabel Namfukwe Luambia

ABSTRACT

Psidium guajava leaves extract has been noted to have antihyperglycemic effects. The present study has been
designed to analyze the effects of the guava aqueous leaf extract on the body weight, relative pancreas weight,
blood glucose levels and its effects on the histoarchitecture of the pancreas. 30 Wistar rats that weighed between
180-220g were randomly selected into five groups: control, diabetic, diabetic+metformin, diabetic+guava leaves
and guava leaves only groups. A low dose of streptozotocin (70 mg/kg) was used to induce diabetes. The rats were
treated for a period of four weeks daily with guava leaves aqeous extract and metformin which was the standard
drug of comparison. At the end of treatment, the diabetic groups treated with guava leaves extract and metformin
body weight, relative pancreatic weight and blood glucouse was statistically significant when compared to the
diabetic group (P<0.05). The histological analysis revealed normal cytoarchitecture of the pancreatic islet cells of
the control and guava leaves only group. The normal histoarchitecture of the islet cells was also maintained in the
diabetic group treated with guava leaves. There was some degree of disruption in the histoarchitecture in the islet
of diabetic group and diabetic group treated with metformin with slight reduction in the cell with accumulation of
elastic fibers mass. The guava leaves extract are capable of lowering the blood glucose level and reverse the
damaged caused by diabetes on the pancreas histoarchitecture.

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