World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

EFFECT OF DIABETES MELLITUS ON DIABETIC FOOT ULCER: A REVIEW

Bittu Gupta*, Gurpreet Bawa, Ashish Jain, Riddhi Ivalekar, Mansi Jadhav and Prathamesh Jagdale

ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder, caused by Hyperglycemia and many other factors which is affecting all age individuals. It also affects the organs which can later dysfunction. By proper management, some treatment strategies and a healthy lifestyle is required. DM is mainly of 3 types- Type 1, Type 2 and Gestational diabetes. It has multiple symptoms and complications which can be prevented by taking some necessary precautions. It has some risk factors like family history, age, obesity, genetic, smoking, etc. Symptoms like blurred vision, more urination problem, feeling of thirst, etc. DM causes various complications so likewise Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) which is a serious complication. It affects the foot by forming infection/ ulcer caused due to hyperglycemia or bacterial infections and by other factors as well. If not treated early it can lead to amputation. Various preventive measures and practices that can be taken to avoid foot wounds including off-loading of the foot, checking glucose levels, using non-surgical agents and dressings, wearing clean socks, avoiding walking barefoot, washing feet daily, inspecting feet daily, undergoing O2 therapies, and consulting doctors. Pathophysiology of DFU is due to various factors but the important factor is neuropathy. It has 5 stages to develop ulcer which starts from small wound to gangrene of foot and some molecular mechanisms which affects the tissue damage to find out DFU. It has molecular tissue changes that affects the layer of foot skin to get eroded and it can be prevented by various antibiotics, antiplatlet agents to treat such as Clindamycin , vancomycin, carbapenmas. Piperacillin, etc.

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