World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

A RETROSPECTIVE HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY OF HISTOPATHOLOGICAL TYPES OF PRIMARY LUNG CANCER IN BAGHDAD TEACHING HOSPITAL

Dr. Mohammed Shareef Odhaib Altaher*

ABSTRACT

Background: Lung cancer is considered as the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women. It is also one of the most common cancers in the world. The majority of lung cancers are related to smoking. Objective: This study was intended to identify the histopathological types of lung Cancer in relation to gender, age, and smoking habit in a sample of Iraqi patients. Patients and method: A total of 170 patients with histopathologically proved primary lung cancer were targeted by this study. All lung cancer cases diagnosed during a period of one year from January 2011 until December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed based on the data of the national center for early detection of cancer, Baghdad teaching hospital, and Ghazi Al-hariry hospital in the medical city complex in Baghdad. Results: There were 124 (72.9 %) males and 46 (27.1 %) females. The age of patients varied from 19 to 90 years and the mean age was 62.5 year. From the total number of cases 115 (67.6 %) patients were smokers while 55 (32.4 %) patients were non smokers. It was significant to find mean ages of each type of lung cancer are about the same (around 62 years) except younger (58.8 year) for large cell carcinoma It was significant to find that most frequent type of primary lung carcinoma (47.1 %), followed by cell cancer is squamous adenocarcinoma (30.0%), then by small cell carcinoma (20%), while large cell contributed to small proportions of the sample (2.9%). Lung cancer among men was more often Squamous cell carcinoma (53.2%). Adenocarcinoma represents the most common type of lung cancer among women (43.4%). Among smokers squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type (51.30%) of primary lung cancer while adenocarcinoma was commonly seen in non smokers (41.8%). Conclusions: Males are more liable to have lung cancer than females. Most cases of primary lung cancer may be diagnosed after the age of 45 years. Squamous cell carcinoma represents the most common histological type of lung cancer in this sample of patients with significant predominance in males. Squamous cell carcinoma seems to occur mainly in smokers. These findings suggest that cigarette smoking is the main factor that influences the development and distribution of lung cancer with strong association between squamous cell carcinoma and smoking.

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