World Journal of
Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences

ANTIATHEROGENIC AND ANTIOXIDANT IMPACT OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS AND NATURAL NANOPARTICLE HDL ON COPPER MEDIATED OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION OF LDL IN NORMAL AND DIABETIC WITH HYPERLIPIDEMIA SUBJECTS

Anchal Rana, Umar Farooq and Amir Khan*

ABSTRACT

Chronic diseases are now the dominant contributors to the global burden of disease, and CVD is the largest contributor to the chronic disease cluster. Although CVD death rates are declining in most high income countries, trends are increasing in most low and middle income countries. The response-to-injury hypothesis explains atherosclerosis as a chronic inflammatory response to injury of the endothelium, which leads to complex cellular and molecular interactions among cells derived from the endothelium, smooth muscle and several blood cell components. Inflammatory and other stimuli trigger an overproduction of free radicals, which promote peroxidation of lipids in LDL trapped in the subendothelial space. Evidence is presented that natural nano-particle HDL and Omega-3 fatty acids have an antioxidant impact and prevent the peroxidation of lipids and thus are protective against the development of atherosclerosis. Paraoxonase (PON) or arylesterase is a natural nanoparticle HDL associated enzyme that protects LDL as well as HDL from oxidative stress. The present study has shown that the formation of conjugated dienes was significantly decreased by 21.5% and 17.87% with respect to control after adding Omega-3 fatty acids and HDL respectively when LDL isolated from normal subjects was subjected to Cu++ mediated in vitro oxidative modification whereas this decrease was found to be 13.25 % and 12.82 % respectively when LDL isolated from hyperlipidemic subjects was subjected to oxidation. On the other hand the antioxidant power of plasma isolated from normal subjects increased by 54.28% and of plasma isolated from hyperlipidemic subjects increased by 69.81% after treatment with Omega-3 fatty acids. This increase was found to be 53.57% and 68.68% in plasma isolated from normal and hyperlipidemic subjects respectively, after treatment with HDL .A significant increase was observed in the antioxidant power of LDL also after in vitro treatment with Omega-3 fatty acids being 15.58% in normal subjects and 32.46% in hyperlipidemic subjects. Treatment with HDL also had a similar effect, increasing the antioxidant power of LDL isolated from normal subjects by 13.72% and that from hyperlipidemic subjects by 32.84%. The present study proves both of them effective antioxidants, Therefore, Omega-3 fatty acids can be used as a nutritional supplement to avoid the risk of cardiovascular diseases and natural nano-particle HDL can replace harmful drugs in the treatment of CVD

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