Abstract
CRISPR/CAS SYSTEM: A REVOLUTION IN GENOME EDITING
Huda R. Mir*, Manam Walait, Samia Afzal* and Otto W. Witte
ABSTRACT
A major revolution in the field of biological research and translational applications has started with the advent of recent advances in genome engineering. The unique prokaryotic defence mechanism CRISPR/Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR associated) system and its variants have proved to be a major technological breakthrough enabling diverse manipulation of genome functions. It has come forward as a more efficient and faster tool for effective sequence specific DNA targeting and genetic modification than the previous genome-editing methods. The current review highlights the development of various CRISPR engineering tools and their applications in functional genomics, cell biology research, crop development, creation of animal models and human therapeutic approach. With their innovative applications from basic biology to biotechnology, these tools are paving way towards future horizons. Offering ground breaking technologies, many CRISPR systems hidden in the genomes of different organisms and species around us may open doors in the future with their potential functions and mechanisms.
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